The Transatlantic Slave Trade

The Transatlantic Slave Trade

Between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries, roughly 12.5 million Africans were forced aboard ships bound for destinations across the Atlantic. About 10.7 million survived the crossing. The difference—nearly 1.8 million people—represents deaths at sea alone,...
Indian War Elephants

Indian War Elephants

For centuries, Indian kings took some of their most powerful and conspicuous weapons onto the battlefield: elephants trained to charge enemy formations, carry armed soldiers and terrify opposing cavalry. A fully equipped war elephant could tower over the soldiers...
How Singapore Became Rich

How Singapore Became Rich

On 9 August 1965, Singapore became an independent country under circumstances few of its leaders had wanted. After less than two years as part of Malaysia, political conflict had made the union untenable. The newly independent island faced high unemployment, an...